La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

Re: La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

Bajo los parámetros de hoja verde con su gramática Ud. ni siquiera debería estar debatiendo .

Pero sigan , se ven muy lindos agarraditos de la mano.

Por lo pronto LAS ESTADÍSTICAS SIGUEN SIN APARECER....... LAS TENEMOS QUE CREER PORUQE UN MASTER EN SALUD PUBLICA DICE QUE EXISTEN.

Patético.


Llora mucho Tinto, puede venir aquí, ir a youtube, y tiene acceso a el internet, y no hace ni el mas mínimo esfuerzo de mover sus deditos. Hable por Usted, ya que otros es posible que se le adelantaron y no necesitan creerme, saben donde encontrar información si lo desean.


http://issuu.com/unaids/docs/unaids...issuu.com/v/light/layout.xml&showFlipBtn=true
 
Re: La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

quote_icon.png
Originalmente enviado por hoja verde
Hoja Verde responde:



¡Claro que lo hay! ¡Ahí lo tiene!

Nadie puede diagnosticar SIDA a partir de síntomas como fiebre y ese tipo de cosas... El diagnóstico es como ya mencioné.






Gran Dios, lo que se tiene que hacer aquí... -_-

WHO ( World Health Organization ) CASE DEFINITIONS OF HIV FOR SURVEILLANCE AND REVISED CLINICAL STAGING AND IMMUNOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF HIV-RELATED DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN.


To facilitate the reporting of HIV infection, WHO recommends the following:


Clinical decision-making



Regardless of age or clinical stage CD4 testing is very valuable and should be encouraged. It is useful to guide the decision on initiation of co-trimoxazole and when to start first-line ART or to identify treatment failure and the need to switch to a second-line regimen of ART. Measurement of CD4 can also be used to assess and monitor response to ART.
Where clinical and immunological classifications are both available, immune status, reflected by CD4 (%CD4+ or absolute count) is usually more informative. This is reflected in the most up-to- date WHO recommendations on ART for infants, children and adults.ii In younger children %CD4+ should be used, and from five years of age the absolute count is preferred.
Severe HIV-related disease always requires ART irrespective of whether defined by clinical condition or immune status. Advanced HIV disease based on immune status requires considering ART, especially when disease is advanced as defined clinically. Starting antiretroviral therapy can usually be delayed if the immune status suggests that there is only mild or insignificant immunodeficiency (%CD4+ >30 among children younger than 12 months, >25 among children 12–35 months or >20 in children over 36 months, or CD4 count >350 per mm3 in adults and older children), and the individual is asymptomatic or only has mild symptoms.
i ii
WHO recommendations for antiretroviral therapy for adults and children and antiretroviral drugs for preventing mother-to-child transmission have been revised in 2006. Details are available on the WHO web site at:
Available at http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/arv/en/index.html.


WHO CASE DEFINITIONS OF HIV FOR SURVEILLANCE AND REVISED CLINICAL STAGING AND IMMUNOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF HIV-RELATED DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN





<a href="http://s168.photobucket.com/albums/u189/maurizerios/science/?action=view&current=CD4dragged.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://i168.photobucket.com/albums/u189/maurizerios/science/CD4dragged.jpg" border="0" alt="Photobucket"></a>
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Tahoma, Calibri, Geneva, sans-serif]
http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/HIVstaging150307.pdf


--------------


[h=3]Comparison of the Revised World Health Organization and CDC Surveillance Case Definitions and Staging Systems for HIV Infection[/h]In 2007, the World Health Organization (WHO) revised the standard human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) clinical staging system and the clinical and surveillance case definitions (1). The definitions were revised to 1) provide standardized HIV infection and AIDS surveillance case definitions, 2) simplify clinical staging, 3) coordinate the WHO 2002 three-stage pediatric staging system with the WHO 1990four-stage adult system, 4) include immunologic criteria and clinical staging in case definitions, and 5) coordinate the clinical staging and surveillance case definitions. This appendix summarizes the revised criteria for WHO case surveillance and compares the 2007 revised WHO definitions with the 2008 revised CDC definitions. Despite differences in WHO and CDC disease classification and staging and because CDC recommends reporting all CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts for persons, the revised WHO case definition still allows comparison of CDC surveillance data from the United States with WHO data from other countries.
Revised WHO Definitions
Surveillance Case Definitions
WHO recommends reporting cases of HIV infection as HIV infection or advanced HIV disease (AHD), including AIDS. All cases of HIV infection, AHD, and AIDS require a confirmed diagnosis of HIV infection based on laboratory testing, using the appropriate national testing algorithm (1). The revised WHO surveillance case definitions include the following: HIV infection (stages 1 and 2), AHD (stage 3), and AIDS (stage 4) (1).
[h=3]Clinical Staging and Immunologic Criteria[/h]Four clinical stages have been established for persons with confirmed HIV infection. These stages include the full spectrum of HIV infection and coincide with WHO clinical treatment recommendations: 1) no symptoms, 2) mild symptoms, 3) advanced symptoms, and 4) severe symptoms (1). The revised staging systems include presumptive clinical diagnoses that can be made in the absence of laboratory tests and definitive clinical criteria that require confirmatory laboratory tests. The clinical stage provides useful information when HIV infection is first diagnosed, when a person begins receiving care for HIV infection, for tracking patients in treatment programs, and to guide decisions on when to initiate cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Age-specific immunologic criteria for the disease classification are presented. For children aged <5 years, the CD4+ T-lymphocyte percentage of total lymphocytes rather than the absolute CD4+ T-lymphocyte count should be used because the absolute count tends to vary, more than the percentage, per individual child in this age group. Immunologic and clinical criteria should be documented (when available) to describe a case of HIV infection.
[h=3]Comparison of the WHO and CDC Definitions[/h]Both the WHO and CDC surveillance case definitions for HIV infection now require laboratory confirmation of HIV infection. Differences between the WHO and CDC definitions and staging systems include the following (Table):
  1. WHO recommends reporting cases of HIV infection as HIV infection or AHD (including AIDS), whereas CDC recommends reporting cases of HIV infection by stage (i.e., stage 1, stage 2, stage 3, or stage unknown).
  2. WHO presents four clinical stages for disease classification to reflect the WHO ART treatment guidelines, whereas CDC presents three, combining WHO stages 2 and 3 into CDC stage 2.
  3. Because of increased, although not universal, availability of CD4+ T-lymphocyte testing, WHO recommends using clinical and immunologic criteria for clinical staging. CDC recommends using only immunologic criteria for staging, with the exception of stage 3, for which cases must have a CD4+ T-lymphocyte count of <200 cells/µL or a CD4+ T-lymphocyte percentage of <14 or one of 26 AIDS-defining conditions.
Despite these differences in disease classification and clinical staging and because CDC recommends reporting all CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, CDC and WHO stages can still be compared.
[h=3]Reference[/h]
  1. World Health Organization (WHO). WHO case definitions of HIV for surveillance and revised clinical staging and immunological classification of HIV-related disease in adults and children. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press; 2007. Available at http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/hivstaging/en/index.html.

<a href="http://s168.photobucket.com/albums/u189/maurizerios/science/?action=view&current=r710a3t.gif" target="_blank"><img src="http://i168.photobucket.com/albums/u189/maurizerios/science/r710a3t.gif" border="0" alt="Photobucket"></a>

http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5710a3.htm

[/FONT]
 
Re: La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

La mala nutrición no es un diagnostico de AIDS.

LOL la malnutricion es la pimera causa en el mundo de INMUNODEFICIENCIA, que crees que significan las siglas aids?
 
Re: La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

Gran Dios, lo que se tiene que hacer aquí... -_-

WHO ( World Health Organization ) CASE DEFINITIONS OF HIV FOR SURVEILLANCE AND REVISED CLINICAL STAGING AND IMMUNOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF HIV-RELATED DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN.


To facilitate the reporting of HIV infection, WHO recommends the following:


Clinical decision-making



Regardless of age or clinical stage CD4 testing is very valuable and should be encouraged. It is useful to guide the decision on initiation of co-trimoxazole and when to start first-line ART or to identify treatment failure and the need to switch to a second-line regimen of ART. Measurement of CD4 can also be used to assess and monitor response to ART.
Where clinical and immunological classifications are both available, immune status, reflected by CD4 (%CD4+ or absolute count) is usually more informative. This is reflected in the most up-to- date WHO recommendations on ART for infants, children and adults.ii In younger children %CD4+ should be used, and from five years of age the absolute count is preferred.
Severe HIV-related disease always requires ART irrespective of whether defined by clinical condition or immune status. Advanced HIV disease based on immune status requires considering ART, especially when disease is advanced as defined clinically. Starting antiretroviral therapy can usually be delayed if the immune status suggests that there is only mild or insignificant immunodeficiency (%CD4+ >30 among children younger than 12 months, >25 among children 12–35 months or >20 in children over 36 months, or CD4 count >350 per mm3 in adults and older children), and the individual is asymptomatic or only has mild symptoms.
i ii
WHO recommendations for antiretroviral therapy for adults and children and antiretroviral drugs for preventing mother-to-child transmission have been revised in 2006. Details are available on the WHO web site at:
Available at http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/arv/en/index.html.


WHO CASE DEFINITIONS OF HIV FOR SURVEILLANCE AND REVISED CLINICAL STAGING AND IMMUNOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION OF HIV-RELATED DISEASE IN ADULTS AND CHILDREN





<a href="http://s168.photobucket.com/albums/u189/maurizerios/science/?action=view&current=CD4dragged.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://i168.photobucket.com/albums/u189/maurizerios/science/CD4dragged.jpg" border="0" alt="Photobucket"></a>
[FONT=Verdana, Arial, Tahoma, Calibri, Geneva, sans-serif]
http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/HIVstaging150307.pdf


--------------


[h=3]Comparison of the Revised World Health Organization and CDC Surveillance Case Definitions and Staging Systems for HIV Infection[/h]In 2007, the World Health Organization (WHO) revised the standard human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) clinical staging system and the clinical and surveillance case definitions (1). The definitions were revised to 1) provide standardized HIV infection and AIDS surveillance case definitions, 2) simplify clinical staging, 3) coordinate the WHO 2002 three-stage pediatric staging system with the WHO 1990four-stage adult system, 4) include immunologic criteria and clinical staging in case definitions, and 5) coordinate the clinical staging and surveillance case definitions. This appendix summarizes the revised criteria for WHO case surveillance and compares the 2007 revised WHO definitions with the 2008 revised CDC definitions. Despite differences in WHO and CDC disease classification and staging and because CDC recommends reporting all CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts for persons, the revised WHO case definition still allows comparison of CDC surveillance data from the United States with WHO data from other countries.
Revised WHO Definitions
Surveillance Case Definitions
WHO recommends reporting cases of HIV infection as HIV infection or advanced HIV disease (AHD), including AIDS. All cases of HIV infection, AHD, and AIDS require a confirmed diagnosis of HIV infection based on laboratory testing, using the appropriate national testing algorithm (1). The revised WHO surveillance case definitions include the following: HIV infection (stages 1 and 2), AHD (stage 3), and AIDS (stage 4) (1).
[h=3]Clinical Staging and Immunologic Criteria[/h]Four clinical stages have been established for persons with confirmed HIV infection. These stages include the full spectrum of HIV infection and coincide with WHO clinical treatment recommendations: 1) no symptoms, 2) mild symptoms, 3) advanced symptoms, and 4) severe symptoms (1). The revised staging systems include presumptive clinical diagnoses that can be made in the absence of laboratory tests and definitive clinical criteria that require confirmatory laboratory tests. The clinical stage provides useful information when HIV infection is first diagnosed, when a person begins receiving care for HIV infection, for tracking patients in treatment programs, and to guide decisions on when to initiate cotrimoxazole prophylaxis and antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Age-specific immunologic criteria for the disease classification are presented. For children aged <5 years, the CD4+ T-lymphocyte percentage of total lymphocytes rather than the absolute CD4+ T-lymphocyte count should be used because the absolute count tends to vary, more than the percentage, per individual child in this age group. Immunologic and clinical criteria should be documented (when available) to describe a case of HIV infection.
[h=3]Comparison of the WHO and CDC Definitions[/h]Both the WHO and CDC surveillance case definitions for HIV infection now require laboratory confirmation of HIV infection. Differences between the WHO and CDC definitions and staging systems include the following (Table):
  1. WHO recommends reporting cases of HIV infection as HIV infection or AHD (including AIDS), whereas CDC recommends reporting cases of HIV infection by stage (i.e., stage 1, stage 2, stage 3, or stage unknown).
  2. WHO presents four clinical stages for disease classification to reflect the WHO ART treatment guidelines, whereas CDC presents three, combining WHO stages 2 and 3 into CDC stage 2.
  3. Because of increased, although not universal, availability of CD4+ T-lymphocyte testing, WHO recommends using clinical and immunologic criteria for clinical staging. CDC recommends using only immunologic criteria for staging, with the exception of stage 3, for which cases must have a CD4+ T-lymphocyte count of <200 cells/µL or a CD4+ T-lymphocyte percentage of <14 or one of 26 AIDS-defining conditions.
Despite these differences in disease classification and clinical staging and because CDC recommends reporting all CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts, CDC and WHO stages can still be compared.
[h=3]Reference[/h]
  1. World Health Organization (WHO). WHO case definitions of HIV for surveillance and revised clinical staging and immunological classification of HIV-related disease in adults and children. Geneva, Switzerland: WHO Press; 2007. Available at http://www.who.int/hiv/pub/guidelines/hivstaging/en/index.html.

<a href="http://s168.photobucket.com/albums/u189/maurizerios/science/?action=view&current=r710a3t.gif" target="_blank"><img src="http://i168.photobucket.com/albums/u189/maurizerios/science/r710a3t.gif" border="0" alt="Photobucket"></a>

http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/rr5710a3.htm

[/FONT]

Que parte de que no está estandarizado fue la que no entendió?

Entiende Ud. que no todos los países utilizan LA RECOMENDACION de la OMS?

:)
 
Re: La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

Llora mucho Tinto, puede venir aquí, ir a youtube, y tiene acceso a el internet, y no hace ni el mas mínimo esfuerzo de mover sus deditos. Hable por Usted, ya que otros es posible que se le adelantaron y no necesitan creerme, saben donde encontrar información si lo desean.


http://issuu.com/unaids/docs/unaids...issuu.com/v/light/layout.xml&showFlipBtn=true
Uf! Ud. cree q traer aqui enlaces contesta la pregunta?

DONDE ESTÁN LAS ESTADISTICAS respecto al tiempo de vida de un HIV positivo SIN TOMAR MEDICACIÓN?

Le aseguro que por más que mueva los dedos no las encontrará más allá de las menciones (sin estudios estadísticos) de algunas organizaciones. ..........: paja !
 
Re: La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

Uf! Ud. cree q traer aqui enlaces contesta la pregunta?

DONDE ESTÁN LAS ESTADISTICAS respecto al tiempo de vida de un HIV positivo SIN TOMAR MEDICACIÓN?

Le aseguro que por más que mueva los dedos no las encontrará más allá de las menciones (sin estudios estadísticos) de algunas organizaciones. ..........: paja !


Ya se la dicho varias veces que la progression de la enfermedad es diferente en cada persona.
Del post #31.


Progression of Disease

In the absence of anti-retroviral therapy, the median time of progression from HIV infection to HIV-AIDS is nine to ten years, and the median survival time after developing HIV-AIDS is only 9.2 months. However, the rate of clinical disease progression varies widely between individuals, from two weeks up to 20 years. Factors which influence the body's ability to defend against HIV include the general immune function. Older people have weaker immune systems, and therefore have a greater risk of rapid disease progression. Poor access to health care and the existence of coexisting infections such as tuberculosis also may predispose people to faster disease progression. Genetic inheritance plays an important role and some people are resistant to certain strains of HIV.

Source

The Doctor's Medical Library.
http://www.medical-library.net/hiv_aids.html







Es disco rayado Tinto, como si repitiendo algo le da la razón.
 
Re: La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

Ya se la dicho varias veces que la progression de la enfermedad es diferente en cada persona.
Del post #31.


Progression of Disease

In the absence of anti-retroviral therapy, the median time of progression from HIV infection to HIV-AIDS is nine to ten years, and the median survival time after developing HIV-AIDS is only 9.2 months. However, the rate of clinical disease progression varies widely between individuals, from two weeks up to 20 years. Factors which influence the body's ability to defend against HIV include the general immune function. Older people have weaker immune systems, and therefore have a greater risk of rapid disease progression. Poor access to health care and the existence of coexisting infections such as tuberculosis also may predispose people to faster disease progression. Genetic inheritance plays an important role and some people are resistant to certain strains of HIV.

Source

The Doctor's Medical Library.
http://www.medical-library.net/hiv_aids.html







Es disco rayado Tinto, como si repitiendo algo le da la razón.

DONDE ESTÁN DEFINIDAS LAS COHORTES ..........?

La estadística se puede perfectamente manejar en rangos y para eso existe. Para manejar los porcentajes de los rangos por edad para decir por ejemplo

del 5 al 20 % de los pacientes con HIV sin tratamiento fallecen a los X meses .........

Ahora, ADMITA QUE NO TIENE ESTADISTICAS ES TODO y deje de estar haciendo el ridiculo, citando cosas que no vienen a dar la respuesta de lo que se le pregunta
 
Re: La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

DONDE ESTÁN DEFINIDAS LAS COHORTES ..........?

La estadística se puede perfectamente manejar en rangos y para eso existe. Para manejar los porcentajes de los rangos por edad para decir por ejemplo

del 5 al 20 % de los pacientes con HIV sin tratamiento fallecen a los X meses .........

Ahora, ADMITA QUE NO TIENE ESTADISTICAS ES TODO y deje de estar haciendo el ridiculo, citando cosas que no vienen a dar la respuesta de lo que se le pregunta


Frustrado querido Tinto.

No se puede decir que 5 al 20% de los pacientes con HIV sin tratamiento fallecen a los X meses, ya que según el criterio se debe de tomar en cuenta:

*Kaposis Sarcoma.
*Neumonía intersticial linfoide y / o pulmonar.
*Historia de Histoplasmosis, diseminada o extrapulmonar.
*Linfoma IBL, inmunoblástico.
*Infecciones bacterianas, múltiples o recurrentes (incluyendo Salmonella septicemia). Aplicable en los casos pediátricos solamente.
*Candidiasis; bronquios, tráquea o los pulmones.
*Mycobacterium, otras especies o especies no identificadas.
*Neumonía por Pneumocystis carinii.
*Tuberculosis, diseminada o extrapulmonar.
*Toxoplasmosis del cerebro.
*Edad ( No significa que los mas jóvenes sobreviven mas tiempo ), meses / años / décadas.
*Uso de drogas de recreo ( muchos pacientes prefieren mantenerse en silencio de su vida privada ).
*Re-infeccion de HIV./ Multi riesgo.
*Hepatitis C u otras enfermedades sexuales.
*Depresión.
*Influencia.
*Enfermedades genéticas.
*Estrés.
*Condiciones de vivenda.
*Data de cada pais.

Desea hacer las estadísticas.
 
Re: La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

Frustrado querido Tinto.

No se puede decir que 5 al 20% de los pacientes con HIV sin tratamiento fallecen a los X meses, ya que según el criterio se debe de tomar en cuenta:

*Kaposis Sarcoma.
*Neumonía intersticial linfoide y / o pulmonar.
*Historia de Histoplasmosis, diseminada o extrapulmonar.
*Linfoma IBL, inmunoblástico.
*Infecciones bacterianas, múltiples o recurrentes (incluyendo Salmonella septicemia). Aplicable en los casos pediátricos solamente.
*Candidiasis; bronquios, tráquea o los pulmones.
*Mycobacterium, otras especies o especies no identificadas.
*Neumonía por Pneumocystis carinii.
*Tuberculosis, diseminada o extrapulmonar.
*Toxoplasmosis del cerebro.
*Edad ( No significa que los mas jóvenes sobreviven mas tiempo ), meses / años / décadas.
*Uso de drogas de recreo ( muchos pacientes prefieren mantenerse en silencio de su vida privada ).
*Re-infeccion de HIV./ Multi riesgo.
*Hepatitis C u otras enfermedades sexuales.
*Depresión.
*Influencia.
*Enfermedades genéticas.
*Estrés.
*Condiciones de vivenda.
*Data de cada pais.

Desea hacer las estadísticas.

blah blah blah

Podra saber mucho de salud pero de estadísticas nada.
 
Re: La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

Ya hay una clasificación establecida para la infección de HIV.

VAya a decirle eso a los africanos que siguen diagnosticando Sida sin pruebas de HIV
 
Re: La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

No seria mala idea, una vez me recupere por completo tomaria el tiempo de educarlos.

Sigue haciendo el ridículo....... los gentilicios se escriben con minúsculas (ciertamente la ignorancia no solo es atrevida sino muchas veces estúpida). .... A ver si hoja verde termina de descalificarlo por su gramática

No son precisamente los africanos sin educación quienes diagnostican SIDA sin pruebas de HIV......... dele, continúe haciendo el ridículo.... no me disgusta.
 
Re: La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

^ ^

Las tiene Usted, si las tiene me gustaría estudiarlas.

No, no la tengo........... por eso es que se las pido.

Lo cierto es que no existen. Y sin embargo muchos como Ud. se creen que existen por que alguien se le ocurre decir que los pacientes con HIV positivo y sin tratamiento viven mas de 10 años........ lo hacen sin tener estadísticas..... pero hay que creerlo porque a alguien se le ocurrió decirlo.

Tampoco existen estadísticas de control para saber si los HIV positivos vivian más sin terapia con AZT que sin ella.
 
Re: La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

Sigue haciendo el ridículo....... los gentilicios se escriben con minúsculas (ciertamente la ignorancia no solo es atrevida sino muchas veces estúpida). .... A ver si hoja verde termina de descalificarlo por su gramática

No son precisamente los africanos sin educación quienes diagnostican SIDA sin pruebas de HIV......... dele, continúe haciendo el ridículo.... no me disgusta.


Le traje galletitas para calmarle los nervios... ^ ^

<a href="http://s168.photobucket.com/albums/u189/maurizerios/?action=view&current=Galletitas.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://i168.photobucket.com/albums/u189/maurizerios/Galletitas.jpg" border="0" alt="Photobucket"></a>
 
Re: La SANTA CIENCIA...... y el demonio del VIH

Le traje galletitas para calmarle los nervios... ^ ^

<a href="http://s168.photobucket.com/albums/u189/maurizerios/?action=view&current=Galletitas.jpg" target="_blank"><img src="http://i168.photobucket.com/albums/u189/maurizerios/Galletitas.jpg" border="0" alt="Photobucket"></a>

como siempre, cuando se le acaban los argumentos. ha hacer el ridículo o a intentar generar lástima.